Some of this material is quite challenging, be sure to read this material carefully. In chemical systems, it is the study of chemical potential, reaction potential, reaction direction, and reaction extent 3. Equilibrium and spontaneous change according to the. Empirical laws describing average properties of bulk matter. This is the first of a series of lectures on thermodynamics. A guide to entropy and the second law of thermodynamics elliott h. Thermodynamics second law of thermodynamics in the course of discussions on the first law of thermodynamics we concluded that all kinds of energy are equally useful, none of them is a preferred one, but in the case of isolated system it has to be conserved. Lecture notes, lectures electricity 20 exam 2015, questions physics for scientists and engineers phys1001 mastering physics mechanics 2 assessed 5.
Here you will find lecture notes, tutorial sheets, handin questions etc. This document is highly rated by students and has been viewed 218 times. V an p eter and antali m at e february, 20 contents 1 introduction 2. A is in equilibrium with b if when we stick them next to each other, separated by a diathermal wall, nothing happens no macroscopic change occurs. The simplest statement of the first law is as follows. Preserving the quality of energy is a major concern of engineers. Zeroth law of thermodynamics if twobodies at equilibrium are brought intothermali. The second law also asserts that energy has a quality. The increase of the internal energy of a system is equal to the sum of the heat added to the system plus the work done on the system. No device is possible whose sole effect is to transform a given amount of heat completely into work. The second law of thermodynamics for the free expansion, we have. Engineering thermodynamics, full notes, ebook, all units popular topic for study introduction to transfer of heat and mass to the. S thermodynamics taught in the department of aerospace and mechanical engineering at the university of notre dame.
Mastering physics mechanics 2 assessed thermodynamics lecture notes 110 heat and thermo lecture notes 2018. Second law of thermodynamics florida state university. Why it is important to formulate the law for open systems can be illustrated with fig. If a gas neither does external work nor takes in or gives out heat, dq 0 and dw 0, so that, by the first law of thermodynamics, du 0.
Bahrami ensc 388 f09 2nd law of thermodynamics 1 the second law of thermodynamics the second law of thermodynamics asserts that processes occur in a certain direction and that the energy has quality as well as quantity. The joint system of a system and its environment is called universe. Most of the students in this course are juniors or seniors majoring in. Work cannot easily be obtained from natural energy. To provide indepth study of thermodynamic principles. The laws of thermodynamics involve the relations between heat and mechanical, electrical, and other forms of energy or work. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of fipse and the department of education, and. A process can occur when and only when it satisfies both the first and the second laws of thermodynamics. These lecture notes present an outline of the proof of the existence of the thermodynamic limit for coulomb system. To be able to use the first law of thermodynamics to estimate the potential for thermomechanical energy conversion in aerospace power and propulsion systems.
The discussion begins with understanding temperature. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Notes on the first law of thermodynamics chemistry chem 2w david ronis 1. Phys 200 lecture 21 thermodynamics open yale courses.
The laws are valid only when applied to systems in thermal equilibrium and not for systems in the process of rapid change or with complicated states of transition. Engineering thermodynamics, full notes, ebook, all units. There are several copies of the second edition in the library. Thermodynamics is the study of energy in systems, and the distribution of energy among components. We will introduce the rst and second law for open systems. Belgiorno dipartimento di fisica, universit a degli studi di milano, via celoria 16, 203 milano, italy october 9, 2002 we analyze some aspects of the third law of thermodynamics. Heat flows naturally from a hot object to a cold object. Thermochemistry lecture 11 thermodynamics well be dealing with the energy of chemical reactions how do you keep track of it. Disclaimer this document does not claim any originality and cannot be used as a substitute for prescribed textbooks. The recommended text on which the course is based is thermal physics by finn. Lecture 11 thermodynamics michigan state university. Engineering thermodynamics lecture notes slideshare. Detailed lecture notes are available on the web for viewing andor.
Concepts such as absolute zero and triple point of water are defined. These lecture notes are intended for students who already have some notions in ther. Download thermodynamics lecture notes download free online book chm pdf. To be able to apply the steadyflow energy equation or the first law of thermodynamics to a system of thermodynamic components heaters, coolers, pumps, turbines, pistons, etc. The first law of thermodynamics university college dublin. The following books were referred for preparing the lecture transparencies. As motivation for the development of the second law, we examine two types of processes. Chapter 2 lecture notes the first law of thermodynamics. A brief statement of the main result has appeared previously, 9, and the full. We can however discern different kinds of energy such as. For the reversible isothermal process, for the gas.
Lecture note for general thermodynamics, 2003 school of mechanical engineering, chungang university different statements of the second law kelvinplanck. Nicolas leonard sadi carnot was a french physicist, who is considered to be the father of thermodynamics, for he is responsible for the origins of the second law of thermodynamics, as well as various other concepts. Engineering thermodynamics, full notes, ebook, all units popular topic for study introduction to transfer of heat and mass to the base metal in gasmetal arc welding. Rankine, 1859, a manual of the steam engine and other prime. Gases expand from a high pressure to a low pressure.
Welcome to the homepage for junior honours thermal physics part 1. The second law of thermodynamics has several consequences regarding the carnot cycle. The second law of thermodynamics has several consequences regarding the. The second law of thermodynamics the second law of thermodynamics asserts that processes occur in a certain direction and that the energy has quality as well as quantity. Chemical thermodynamics complete notes ebook free download pdf.
Engineering thermodynamics me2202 anna university lecture notessubject notes,question bank,question paper, previous year question paper, 2 marks and 16 marks questions objective to achieve an understanding of principles of thermodynamics and to be able to use it in accounting for the bulk behaviour of the simple physical systems. The first, second, and third law of thermodynamics thlaws05. Lecture notes in kp8108 advanced thermodynamics tore haugwarberg department of chemical engineering ntnu norway 23 february 2012 exercise 1 table of contents exercise 153. Chapter 4 entropy and the second law of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics the second law of thermodynamics states that processes occur in a certain direction, not in just any direction. Choosing a clever system is half the solution of many thermodynamical problems. V an p eter and antali m at e february, 20 contents. May 19, 2015 apr 08, 2020 notes the second law of thermodynamics notes edurev is made by best teachers of.
Thermodynamics second law of thermodynamics in the course of discussions on the first law of thermodynamics we concluded that all kinds of energy are equally useful, none of them is a preferred one, but in the case of isolated system it has. Second law of thermodynamics, entropy, laws of nature, mathematical statement of the second law, reversible. The first law places no restriction on the direction of a process, and satisfying the first law. Work, on the other hand, requires a thermodynamic cycle heat to work. Chemical thermodynamics complete notes ebook free download pdf we then provide a brief description of thefirst and second laws of thermodynamics.
What is looked for is in fact a thermodynamic cycle for the system. Notes on the first law of thermodynamics chemistry chem. Manolopoulos first year lectures michaelmas term a. Thermodynamic laws are rigorously obeyed because the typical number of molecules is so huge that typical deviations from average are immeasurably small and the. Joules law leads to an important conclusion concerning the internal energy of an ideal gas. To download this lecture notes kindly visit website or contact me topics include. Physical processes in nature can proceed toward equilibrium spontaneously. Lieb and jakob yngvason t his article is intended for readers who,like us, were told that the second law of thermodynamics is one of the major achievements of the nineteenth centurythat it is a logical, perfect, and unbreakable lawbut who were unsatisfied with the. Lecture notes on thermodynamics and statistical mechanics pdf 502p. Next, we discuss the mathematical consequences of these laws and cover some relevant theorems in multivariate calculus. Veer surendra sai university of technology burla, odisha department of mechanical engineering engineering thermodynamics lecture notes 2. Lecture 11 thermodynamics well be dealing with the energy of chemical reactions. Notes the second law of thermodynamics notes edurev. According to joules law, under these conditions the temperature of the gas does not change, which implies.
Apr 27, 2016 engineering thermodynamics lecture notes 1. The first, second, and third law of thermodynamics. It is a familiar fact that classical mechanics is an implication of quantum mechanicsis quantum mechanics in the limit that the quantum numbers are large formally. Work and efficiency as motivation for the development of the second law, we examine two types of processes that. Notes on the first law of thermodynamics chemistry chem 2w. These are lecture notes for ame 20231, thermodynamics, a sophomorelevel. Lecture note for general thermodynamics, 2003 summary of. Total energy conservation, viz the first law of thermodynamics, dictates that. A guide to entropy and the second law of thermodynamics. Apr 08, 2020 notes the second law of thermodynamics notes edurev is made by best teachers of. Second law of thermodynamics thermodynamics lecture notes.
1010 120 1068 1268 1296 132 1113 432 66 62 419 1411 1412 1241 815 121 1404 699 814 135 91 1077 560 1022 1069 1034 1157 1245 745 784 85 744 437 409 215 118